Routing algorithm in computer network :-
A routing algorithm is used to send data packets from source to destination in a computer network. Using it affects the performance of the network.
What is a routing algorithm? :-
Routing algorithm works to make rules. By which it decides which route the data packets will take in the network. Its job is to find a good path between the source and the destination. Data can be sent at high speed with the use of a routing algorithm.
Types of routing algorithm :-
1. Static routing algorithm: Static routing algorithm uses a pre-determined routing table. It does a manual update with the network administrator. This algorithm affects small networks. In this, there is less change in the topology of the network.
2. Dynamic routing algorithm: The dynamic routing algorithm automatically updates the routing table. This algorithm monitors the status of the network. And changes the route as per the need. For example, Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).
Major routing algorithms :-
1. DIJKSTRA'S Algorithm:
Objective - The job of this algorithm is to find the least costly route.
Methodology - Using this algorithm, the shortest route is calculated from the source node to all the other nodes. This algorithm is also called the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm.
Example - Its example is the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol.
2. Bellman-Ford Algorithm:
Objective - The job of this algorithm is to take care of edges with negative weight.
Methodology - Using this algorithm, the cost from the source node to every node is calculated.
Example - Its example is Routing Information Protocol.
3. Link State Routing Algorithm:
Objective - The job of this algorithm is to gather information about the situation in front of the network.
Function - Using this algorithm, every router has to tell the status of its link to the other routers. This algorithm creates a map of the entire network. And uses the shortest path algorithm.
Example - Its examples are OSPF and IS-IS.
4. Distance Vector Routing Algorithm:
Objective - The work of this algorithm is to create distance from nearby nodes.
Process - Using this algorithm, every router connects its routing table with the nearby routing table. And decides the shortest route.
Example - Its examples are RIP and IGRP (interior gateway routing protocol).
Benefits of routing algorithm :-
1. Improvement in efficiency: With the correct use of an algorithm, data is sent at high speed.
2. Network stability: With the use of an algorithm, high-speed data is transferred. The job of maintaining its stability is of the routing algorithm.
3. Reliability: The routing algorithm works to improve fault tolerance and replica management in the network.
4. Reducing cost: By using routing algorithms in the right way, you can reduce the cost by optimizing it.
Challenges of routing algorithms :-
1. Scalability: Using routing algorithms increases complexity in large networks.
2. Compatibility: It is very difficult to make many routing protocols and algorithms compatible.
3. Performance: Using routing algorithms changes the network at high speed. For which performance has to be improved?
4. Security: Using routing algorithms, it is necessary to secure the network from octets and security threats.
Future of routing algorithms :-
The use of routing algorithms will increase in the future because the Internet of Things (IoT) is developing. The use of this algorithm is also increasing. Routing algorithms can be secured using machine learning and artificial intelligence.
Conclusion :-
Routing algorithms are an important part of computer networks. Routing algorithms work to send data packets securely from source to destination. It is very important to know routing algorithms to improve the operation and performance of the network.
